A series of suspected deaths linked to the Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) has been reported from Kolkata, raising concerns among health officials. At least one of the deaths have been confirmed to be a GBS related death.
The Indian Express reported that a 10-year-old boy from Jagatdal in North 24 Parganas district succumbed to the syndrome on Sunday after receiving treatment at BC Roy Hospital for a week, according to state health department sources.
Adding to the growing list of cases, a 17-year-old youth from North 24 Parganas died at NRS Medical College and Hospital in Kolkata on Monday morning. Hospital sources reported that the teenager passed away due to septic shock and myocarditis, with suspicions that GBS may have been an underlying factor. Investigations are currently underway to determine the exact cause of death.
In another tragic case, a 48-year-old man from Dhaniakhali, Hooghly, was also suspected to have died from GBS on Wednesday. The man had been suffering from diarrhoea for four days and experienced paralysis in the lower half of his body.
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After being advised by his local doctor to seek immediate medical attention, he was transported to Kolkata Medical College. However, his condition worsened en route as he developed respiratory distress, requiring oxygen support. Unfortunately, he was declared dead upon arrival at the hospital.
What is Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare but serious neurological disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the peripheral nerves. This can lead to muscle weakness, numbness, and even paralysis. In severe cases, GBS can affect breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate, making early diagnosis and treatment critical.
Symptoms of GBS
GBS often begins with weakness and tingling sensations in the legs, which can rapidly spread to the upper body and arms. Other symptoms include:
- Difficulty walking or coordinating movements
- Loss of reflexes
- Severe pain, particularly at night
- Difficulty swallowing or speaking
- Breathing difficulties in severe cases
- Rapid heart rate and blood pressure fluctuations
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of GBS remains unknown, but it is often triggered by infections. Many cases occur after respiratory or gastrointestinal infections, such as those caused by Campylobacter bacteria. In some instances, viral infections, surgery, or vaccinations may also precede the onset of the syndrome.
While there is no known cure for GBS, early treatment can help manage symptoms and improve recovery outcomes. Treatments include plasma exchange (plasmapheresis) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, both of which help reduce the immune system’s attack on the nervous system. Supportive care, including physical therapy, is essential for recovery, which can take weeks to months.
Public Health Concerns
With multiple suspected cases emerging in Kolkata, health authorities are closely monitoring the situation. While GBS is not contagious, increased awareness and early medical intervention can prevent complications and improve survival rates.
The recent deaths underscore the importance of recognizing GBS symptoms early and seeking immediate medical attention. As investigations continue, the state health department urges the public to remain vigilant and consult healthcare professionals if they experience any related symptoms.
