In today’s digital era, new media platforms like computers, tablets, and smartphones have overtaken traditional media sources, such as television, printed materials and radio as the go-to choice for children’s entertainment and learning. And this, according to research in various countries, has led over two-thirds of the kids to surpass the recommended limits for screen time.
Effects of extended screen time on children
Research indicates that extended periods of screen time in children are linked to a lack of physical activity and can signal various health issues such as obesity, poor eating patterns, metabolic syndrome, decreased quality of sleep, mental health challenges like anxiety and depression, as well as difficulties in behaviour, including issues with conduct and socialising with peers.
It has been noted that children tend to use mobile phones more frequently than other electronic devices on a daily basis. Prolonged use of smartphones by children may result in potential eye damage, as exposure to blue light can contribute to the development of macular degeneration, ultimately affecting the ability to perceive colours accurately.
Extended screen time can also lead to of dry eye disease (DED) which can be linked to various congenital, autoimmune, endocrine, and inflammatory disorders, as well as specific environmental and nutritional conditions.
Role of parents and families
In terms of a child’s screen time and the development of preventative habits, the family can play a significant role. The findings of the study show that while having screen media in the bedroom is favourably related with screen time, having explicit rules and placing limitations on screen time are inversely connected with a child’s screen time.
Furthermore, a child’s screen time is greatly influenced by the modelling provided by their parents. The findings of the study indicate that children who have parents who watch TV and who use computers and play games are more likely to involve their kids in these screen activities.
Excessive screen time and reduced sleep
It has long been established that exposure to blue light, commonly emitted by electronic devices like televisions and smartphones, can disrupt the production of melatonin in the body. Melatonin is a crucial hormone that signals the body when it is time to sleep. Consequently, reduced melatonin secretion can result in sleep deprivation, a leading factor contributing to the presence of dark circles in children at a young age.
Prevention of harmful effects
As mentioned before, blue light can contribute to the development of macular degeneration, ultimately affecting the ability to perceive colours accurately. However, this condition can be managed and prevented through the implementation of regular screen breaks and eye exercises. It is recommended that children wear protective glasses, adjust the brightness of their electronic devices, and opt for larger screen phones to minimise potential risks.
The way forward
Excessive Smartphone usage exceeding 3 hours per day over a one-month period may lead to a range of eye-related issues. To mitigate potential negative effects, the implementation of preventative programs and education is imperative. Moreover, it is essential to establish limits on Smartphone usage for both children and parents to prevent eye disorders.
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